Carburetor



Nov. '7, 1939. o. P. WILLIAMS 2.178.677

CARBURETOR Filed Aug. 31, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A Inventor.

0. R Williams y W y 1r M} Hiiorzzeys.

Patented Nov. 7, 1939 um TED STATES PATENT oFFlcE Claims.

An object and feature of my invention in a carburetor is in thesimultaneous controlof the jets of liquid fuel such as gasoline and theair fiow through the atomizing or vaporizing part of the carburetor sothat the suction caused by the flow of air will not only cause the fiowof the liquid fuel from for instance a float chamber bowl of thecarburetor, but will also cause the rapid vaporization and completemixture of the fuel and the air. Another objectiand feature of myinvention is employing a centrally positioned rotary type of valve forthe liquid fuel in which fixed inner ports operate with ports on arotatable sleeve so that these may be aligned in the desired degree tocontrol the flow of the liquid fuel substantially radially outwardlythrough the valve. Inconjunction with this the valve is positioneddirectly in the center ofthe main air flow so that-the radially jettingliquid fuel is incorporated in the flow of air.

Another object and feature of my invention is the combination of thecentral jet valve dischargingthe jets of fuel radially'in conjunctionwith rotary air valves positioned at the inlet and outlet of thecarburetor and preferably such valves being connected by a Venturi typeof tube, thus the throat of the venturiissubstantially-in align mentwith the radial jets from the fuel valve. The Venturi tube with a tubehaving the cone type of air valves is connected to the sleeve of the jetvalve so that all of these are rotated simultaneously and the sameamount to thereby regulate the air inlet, the fuel jets and the outletfrom the carburetor of the mixed fuel.

Another characteristic of my invention is in employing a down draft typewith the jet valve for the liquid fuel arranged centrally of the valvehousing in the rotatable Venturi tube, this being stream-lined todevelop a non-turbulent flow of air over the valve and thereby carry theliquid fuel in the air stream. The sleeve of the air valve is connectedby a radial rod to a control which operates through a slot in thecarburetor housing and thus as the arm may be moved in an arcuatemotion, there is a simultaneous control and movement of the jet valveand the air inletand outlet valves. An additional feature of mycarburetor includes an auxiliary air inlet connecting in the carburetorhousing between the jet valve and the outlet valve for the mixture.

My invention is illustrated in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section which may be considered as taken on thesectionline I-l of Figs. 4 or 5 in the direction, of the arrows.

Fig. 2 isa side elevation taken inthe direction ;of the arrow 2 of Fig.4 or 5..

Fig. 3 is an elevation. similar to Fig. 2 with certain control partsremoved to show the movement of the valve control arm. 7 a Fig. 4 is ahorizontal; section on on the line. of Fig. 1-. in-thedirection of thearrows illustrating the. liquid jet portsand the outlet, mixture valve.i 1

Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5-5 of: Fig. 1 in. thedirection of the arrows illustrating part. of the. inlet air valve.

Fig. 6 is. avertical; detail being an interior elevation on theline...6.-16 of Fig. '1: in the direction support -l:|;,which connectsto the, intake manifold of aninternal combustion, engine. This has acontracted throat [I with flanges l3 on the outside, an expanded intakevalve, end l4 with outside flanges [-5 and a cone -shaped valve seat Itwhich has a series. of fixed segmentsil of which I illustratethreehaving radial side edges l8 converging towards the center anddefining with the radial edges the peripheral edge 2-0, somewhattriangular shaped. fixed ports 2;l. There; is a central opening 2-2toaccommodate-the lower; end of; the liquid, jet, valve hereinunderdescribed. v

The main. features of the mainair and mixed fuel valve jinclude acylindrical housing 2-6 having lower flanges '21 bolted to the flanges I5 and upper flanges 2-8,;bolted :to the seat member of the upper valve.vSuch seat member has a tube 3-! and flanges 32.connected to the flange2.8 by bolts 33. The. upperconical seat is provided with three ports-35,-, note Fig. 5, defined by the outside peripheral edge 31, the tworadial edges13-8-and'theinner circular edge 39. There is also agcentralcircular opening 40.

The housing cylinder-26 is provided with acircula-r perforation on oneside. for theinlet of the liquid fuel supply and with a circular thesleeve 6 I.

auxiliary air port 46 shown diametrically opposite, note Figs. 1 and 6.There is also a horizontal slot 41 in the housing, this being indicatedas terminating at the ends 48 and 49, note Figs. 2, 3 and 4, there beingan enlargement 50 in the slot.

The inner member of the valve designated the upper pins and havingavalve actio'n on the underside of the upper conical seat Each of thesehas three ports complementary to the ports 2I at the bottom and 36 atthe top and each has .a central opening indicated at 61 as to the top Aliner-"I0 is-fitted inside of This-forms a venturi with the valvemember.

throat indicated at II. There is a side opening I2 with a threadedrecess I3 in theVenturi, the threaded recess continuing through thesleeve H as indicated in Fig. 4. .7

The liquid jet valve designated by the assembly numeral 85, noteparticularly Figs. 1, 4 and 7, employs a liquid supply. pipe 86 which asto the portion inside of the valve is streamlined in cross section asindicated in Fig. 8 and extends through the opening 45 in the housingand through an internal slot 81 in the sleeve 6I. The outer end has asaddle 88 attached to the outside of the housing 26 and is: providedwith a threaded nipple 89 connected to the float chamber of thecarburetor. This float chamber is additionally supported by a-bracket 9|attached to thecylinder 26 of the valve housing. The float chamber maybe of any-suitable type and is provided with a feed connection 92 forthe supply of gasoline or the like.

At the inner end of the pipe 86 there is a valve hub with a verticalcylindrical bore 96 therethrough and upper and lower-shoulders 91 and98. A stationary hollow valve stem I00 has a base IOI centered by a pinIOI' seated on the upper shoulder 91, a lower hollow projection I02extending through the bore 96 and athreaded plug end I03,a nut I04 beingthreaded on this end and holding the hollow stem in a fixed position. Aninlet opening I05 communicates with the bore of the liquid supply pipe86 which supports the valve. The hollow stem is preferably made with atapered section I 06 and a cylindrical section I0'I therebelow. There isalso an upper cylindrical rim portion I08 interiorly threaded. Aplurality of fine ports I09; are spaced peripherally aroundthecylindrical section I08. These ports may be in the form of narrowslits, the long dimension being circumferential. An adjusting plug H0 isthreaded in the upper end and has a screw driver kerf I II. The purposeof this plug is to adjust the area of the ports I09 by cutting off aportion adjacent the top. Manifestly such ports may be of many suitableshapes but are preferably all placed in the same diametrical plane asregards the axis of the hollow stem I00.

The outer or movable part of the valve includes the valve sleeve I I5.has a cylindrical'upper section. II6, a tapered portion II! and acylindrical opening H8 at its lower end. This is assembled on the hollowstein I 00 by being This cylinder isprovided with- At the top there is acomplementary valve 66 fitted on fitted over the lower end prior toattachment to the hub 95 and there is a close riding fit between theopening II8 and the cylindrical exterior I01 of the hollow stem. Thecylindrical portion H6 at the top has a plurality of ports I20, thesebeing complementary to the ports I09 and may be in the form of slitswith their long measurement circumferential. If desired these slits mayhave slightly greater measurements as to the vertical heighth andcircumferential length than the ports I09. In the illustration these areboth shown exaggerated.

r A closure cap I25 has a stream-lined nose structure I26 provided witha shoulder I21 fitting the cylindrical upper end II6 of the sleeve H5and being attached thereto by screws or the like. This has a centralbore I28 and a recess I29 in which is located a compression spring I30which exerts a pressure between its seat in the cap and the adjustingplug IIO. A removable plug I3I fits in a threaded recess at the upperend of the bore I28. This may be removed by a screw. driver withoutdisassembling the carburetor. The plug I3I is preferably made ofmagnetizable metal so that it may be removed by a magnetized screwdriver but any suitable tool may be employed. Thisallows a specialadjusting tool to be inserted through the bore I28 to engage in thescrew driver kerf III and thereby adjust the plug IIO to regulatethearea of the ports.

This liquid jet valveisin a sense the equivalent of the throttle oftheordinary type of carburetor and has the features ofregulating the jetopenings as well as regulating the flow of air. The throttle armassembly I35 employs a rigid arm I36 (note Figs. 4, '7 and 9). This isattached as by welding or the like indicated at I31 to thesleeve I I5and passes outwardly through the'side' opening I2 of the liner "I0 andthe sleeve 6I. It. fits in an outer tubular arm I38 which has a threadedhead at I39, such head being threaded inthe recess 'I3 of the liner I0and the sleeve 6|. This head makes an air tight closure. The outerportion I40 of the tubular arm operates in theslot 41 .in thecylindrical housing 26. The purposes of the enlargement 50 is toaccommodate the head I39 in assembling this with the sleeve and linerand disconnecting the same. A radial arm I fits in the tubular, arm. I38and has a ball type of link I42 con-. nected thereto at the outside.This has a pivotal connection I43 to a bell crank I44, the connectionbeing to the arm I45. The bell crank is pivoted at I46 (note Fig. 2) toa lug I41 attached to or formed integral with the sleeve 26. The otherarm I48 of the bell crank is pivotally connected to a throttle link I49leading to a, throttle control pedal or the like. Thus on areciprocating motion of the link I49, a pivoting action is communicatedto the bell crank I44 and this producesan arcua'temovement of thethrottle arm assembly I35 in the slot 41, the limit'of movement beingbetween. the ends 48 and 49 01' the slot.

However, it is desirable to have a limiting stop to the movement of thethrottle arm assembly, therefore I utilize a stop limit device I55 (noteFigs. 3 and 4). This employs a bracket I56 attached to the fixedhousingsleeve 26 having a threaded end portion I51 with an adjustingscrew I58 threaded therethrough. This screw may have a lock nut and theend of the screw engages the tubular arm I38-limiting its arcuatemovement andhence the amount-ofmovement of the liquid valve assembly 85,thatis, the movement of the sleeve of such valve.

The auxiliary air supply device designated by the assembly numeral I65employs an air inlet tube I96 (note particularly Figs. 1, 2 and 6). Thishas a saddle IB'I connected to the cylinder 26 and surrounding thecircular port 46 in this cylinder. A rotating valve I68 includes a valveshaft I69 and a damper plate I10, the shaft being rotatable on oppositesides of the air inlet tube ISB. A rotatable operating rod III has auniversal joint connection I12 to the shaft I69. Thisrod leads to theoperators compartment of a vehicle if the carburetor is used in avehicle or to any suitable location. A stop arm I'Itand a stop pin I14indicate the position of the valve when full open or ifdesired the'position when closed. A characteristic of the auxiliary air inletresides in the port I80 in the sleeve GI. This as shown in Fig. 6 has aV shaped portion I8I with the apex I82. The sides of the V are tangentto the circular opposite end E83. Thus when the apex of the V or theportion adjacent thereto overlap the circular port 49 and the valve I68is open, only a small amount of additional air may enter the carburetihgchamber, this being formed inside of the sleeve GI, however when thesleeve is rotated a greater distance the large end indicated at I83 mayalign with the circular opening 46 and thus give a large opening for theauxiliary air.

An ordinary choke valve assembly I90 has an air inlet tube lfiiconnected to the upper end of the tube 3i and is provided with theordinary damper type of choke valve designated I92, this being operatedby a crank 593 secured to the shaft and having a Bodin wire assembly I94with the moving wire connected to the outer end of the crank. The limitof movement is controlled by a radial arm l95 engaging a stop pin I96(note Fig. 2).

The manner of operation and functioning of my invention is substantiallyas follows: in starting an engine it is desirable to have the auxiliaryair supply valve Its closed and the choke lat may be opened or closed atthe discretion of the operator. The manipulation of the throttle by theoperator is the same as any standard carburetor and used in a motorvehicle is usually by a foot throttle lever. As above mentioned, thisaction moves the throttle arm assembly I35 through an arcuate motion. Inview of the fact that the cylindrical housing 26 is stationary and thehollow valve stem I is also stationary, there is a simultaneousrotational movement of the valve sleeve N5 of the liquid valve 85 whichregulates the registry of the ports :20 in the sleeve with the fixedports I09 of the hollow stem i523. Also on account of the throttle armassembly which has the arm I35 and the tubular arm i238 and this latteris connected to the sleeve 5! and the liner It, there is a simultaneousrotation of this sleeve and the liner which action carries in rotationthe lower complementary parts 65 of the lower cone valve operating onthe seat H8 and the upper complementary cone, 69 operating in connectionwith the upper cone valve having the upper seat 35. There is therefore acomplementary change of the size of the air openings or ports for thedownflow of air past the choke into the venturi construction and theoutflow of the mixture through the lower cone valve assembly, thisleading to the throat I2 which is connected to the intake manifold ofthe engine. The area of the air openings in the upper and lower conevalve are proportioned to the amount of liquid fuel such as gasolinethat can flow through the ports I09 and I20 of the liquid valve 85. Asabove mentioned the efiective area of the ports I09 may be regulated byadjusting the plug I I0 upwardly or downwardly in the upper part ofthestem I00 in order to obtain the correct amount of liquid fuel fromtheamount of air used in carburetting and supplied to the engine.

The liquid fuel jets discharge radially and I employ a sufficient numberof these to have a distribution of liquid fuel spread in the throat I llof the venturi.

At this area or section the air has its highest velocity downwardly andthus readily breaks up and absorbs the liquid fuel. It will be notedthat the valve assembly 85 is carefully stream-lined in order to inducea smooth surface flow of air over the outside of this valve and over thesupporting base 95. In order to add additional air the valve I58 may beopened and thus additional air is drawn into the chamber above the lowercone valve. This is regulated by the valve ports 46 and the somewhat Vshaped port 580 in the sleeve BI and therefore gives a correctp-roportioning of the additional air in accordance with the requirementsof the engine.

It is to be understood as above mentioned, that either the ports M39 orI20 of the jet valve may be of shapes other than elongated slots or fineslits. triangular or arranged to have a series of perforations of whicha variation in number aligning would give increased openings. Acharacteristic of my type of fuel valve is that this does not developany of the so-called flat spots in carburetion which is due to the pumpfrom the operation of one jet to that of another or an increase ordecrease of jets. With my valve using the slots or slits, there is acontinuous enlargement or decrease in the size of the openings.

It is to be understood that my liquid fuel valve will operatesubstantially equally well as a gas valve where the supply of fuel iseither manufactured or natural gas. It is quite common in such type ofgas engines to-start these using gasoline or similar fuel and then whenthe engine is properly heated to cut off the liquid fuel and transfer tothe gaseous fuel. It will be seen that this may be readily done with myinvention.

For instance they could be somewhat Various changes may be made in thedetails I of the construction without departing from the spirit or scopeof the invention as defined by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A carburetor comprising in combination an air fiow valve including ahousing with an inside cylindrical surface and having a cone type ofvalve element connected thereto, a cylindrical sleeve mounted forrotation in the housing and having a complementary cone valve elementing a slot, a secondary throttle arm connected to the sleeve of the airvalve and extending through in positioned to regulate the effective sizeof the portsof the hollow stem.

A carburetorv as claimed in claim 1, an auxiliary air supply meansincluding an air tube connected to the housing and having a valvemounted therein, said housing having a port at the end or the air tubeand the sleeve of the air valve having a complementary port whereby therotation of the air valve sleeve in the housing regulates the registryof the ports of the auxiliary air supply means.

4. A carburetor comprising in combination an air valve structure havinga fixed housing cylindrical on its inside surface and having upper andlower cone type of air valve with fixed lower and upper seat elementsconnected to the housing, an air valve sleeve cylindrical on its outsidesurface and mounted for rotation in the housing and having complementaryupper and lower air valve elements to engage the seat elements, the saidair valve elements having ports for registry, a liner in the saidsleeve-'having'a throatforming a venturi, a liquid fuel valve includinga hollow stem,

a supporting. means topositionthe stem in a fixed position and in theaxial line of the said housing, there being aiuel supply means to thehollow stemga second sleeve mountedv for rotation on the hollow stem,complementary ports in the hollow stemin the second sleeve, an adjustingplug in the hollow stem to regulate the-effective opening ofthe ports ofsaid stem, a closure cap connected to the secondsleeve and forming acover for the end of the hollow stem and the adjustable plug, the saidclosure cap and the second sleeve having a stream-lined contour andpositioned substantially in the throat of the venturi with the ports of,the liquid valve discharging into said throat, a rigid connectionbetweenthe, first and second sleeves for simultaneous rotation thereof,means'to rotate the first sleeve on its axis and hence rotate the secondsleeve of the liquid valve and thereby conjointly regulate the registryof the ports of the liquid valve and the 'upper and lower ports of theair valve.

5. A carburetor as claimed in claim 4, an auxiliary air supply meansincluding an auxiliary air valve connected to the said housing, saidhousing having a port, the first sleeve having a complementary port, oneof said latter ports being of a non-symmetrical shape as regards theother port to develop a variable opening on the rotation of the firstandsecond sleeves in relation to the housing.

ORMSBY P. WILLIAMS.

